Physical Science (ভৌতবিজ্ঞান)
13 chapters · 156 practice questions with full solutions — all free.
🎯 Full Physical Science (ভৌতবিজ্ঞান) section test
40 questions across the whole section · 40 min · one timed test
Concerns about Our Environment (পরিবেশের জন্য ভাবনা)
This Common Area chapter covers the layers of the atmosphere, the ozone layer and how it is being destroyed, the greenhouse effect and global warming, and cleaner sources of energy. You need to know the main feature of each layer, how CFCs destroy ozone, which gases trap heat, and which alternative fuels and energy sources can cut pollution.
Exam tip: This chapter carries about 5 marks: 1 MCQ, 2 very short answers and one 2-mark short answer. Expect one-word, matching or true/false items on the layers of the atmosphere, greenhouse gases and alternative fuels, and a 2-mark question such as 'How do CFCs destroy ozone?' or 'What is the greenhouse effect?'; learn the two chlorine reactions by heart.
12 questionsPractice testBehaviour of Gases (গ্যাসের আচরণ)
This chapter explains how the volume of a gas depends on its pressure, temperature and amount. Boyle's law, Charles' law and Avogadro's law combine into the ideal gas equation PV = nRT, and the kinetic theory of gases explains these laws through moving molecules. Most marks come from statements of the laws, graphs and simple numericals.
Exam tip: Behaviour of gases carries about 8 marks: 1 MCQ, 2 very short answers, a 2-mark short answer and a 3-mark long answer. The 3-mark item is usually a numerical on Boyle's law, Charles' law or PV = nRT (change °C to K and use the right R), while the short items ask for statements of the laws, graphs, absolute zero or the postulates of the kinetic theory.
12 questionsPractice testChemical Calculations (রাসায়নিক গণনা)
Chemical calculations use a balanced chemical equation to find the masses and volumes of substances that react or are formed. The equation obeys the law of conservation of mass, its coefficients give the mole ratio, and at STP one mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L. Most questions are mass-mass, mass-volume or volume-volume numericals.
Exam tip: This chapter gets about 4 marks: 1 MCQ and one 3-mark numerical. The numerical is usually a mass-mass, mass-volume (22.4 L at STP) or volume-volume problem on a given balanced equation; write the balanced equation, put the masses or volumes under each formula and show the unitary step clearly.
12 questionsPractice testThermal Phenomena (তাপের ঘটনাসমূহ)
Solids, liquids and gases expand on heating. For solids the expansion is measured by the coefficients of linear (α), area (β) and volume (γ) expansion, related as α : β : γ = 1 : 2 : 3. Liquids show real and apparent expansion, and heat flows through solids by conduction at a rate set by the thermal conductivity of the material.
Exam tip: Thermal phenomena carry about 5 marks: 1 MCQ, 1 very short answer and a 3-mark long answer. The short items usually test the α : β : γ relation, the units of α and K, or a true/false on real and apparent expansion; the 3-mark item asks you to define a coefficient or solve a numerical with ΔL = L₀αΔθ or Q = KA(θ₁ − θ₂)t/d.
12 questionsPractice testLight (আলো)
This chapter covers reflection of light at spherical (concave and convex) mirrors, refraction and its laws, refractive index, refraction through a prism and lenses, the power of a lens, the human eye and its defects, and dispersion and scattering of white light. Questions usually test image formation, the sign of a lens's power, which lens corrects which defect, and why the sky looks blue.
Exam tip: Light carries about 12 marks in Madhyamik: 2 MCQs and 2 very short items (power of a lens and its sign, f = r/2, the colour scattered most or least, the lens for a defect of vision), one 2-mark question and two 3-mark answers on image formation, refractive index, dispersion or the human eye.
12 questionsPractice testCurrent Electricity (চলতড়িৎ)
This chapter covers electric current, potential difference and Ohm's law, resistance and resistivity, series and parallel combinations of resistors, the heating effect of current (Joule's law), electric power and energy, the magnetic effect of current and the electric motor, electromagnetic induction and the generator, and safe household wiring. Numericals on equivalent resistance, power and kWh appear almost every year.
Exam tip: Current Electricity carries about 12 marks: 2 MCQs and 2 very short items (units such as ohm-metre and kWh, fuse wire, Lenz's law, earth wire), one 2-mark question, and two 3-mark questions — usually one numerical on equivalent resistance, power or the electricity bill and one on Ohm's law, the motor, the generator or household wiring.
12 questionsPractice testAtomic Nucleus (পরমাণুর নিউক্লিয়াস)
This chapter covers radioactivity — its discovery, the nature and properties of alpha, beta and gamma rays, how α- and β-emission change the atomic number and mass number, and its uses — and nuclear energy from fission and fusion, explained by Einstein's mass–energy relation E = mc².
Exam tip: Atomic Nucleus carries about 5 marks: one MCQ, one very short item (unit of radioactivity, nature or charge of an α-particle, which ray is not deflected, source of the Sun's energy) and one 3-mark answer comparing α, β and γ rays or explaining fission and fusion with E = mc².
12 questionsPractice testPeriodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements (পর্যায়সারণি এবং মৌলদের ধর্মের পর্যাবৃত্ততা)
This chapter traces the classification of elements from Döbereiner's triads and Newlands' law of octaves to Mendeleev's periodic law (based on atomic weight) and the modern periodic law (based on atomic number, after Moseley's work). It covers the long form of the periodic table with 7 periods and 18 groups, finding an element's position from its electronic configuration, and how atomic size, metallic character, electronegativity and reactivity change along a period and down a group.
Exam tip: This chapter carries about 6 marks: one MCQ, two very short items (an eka-element, a group name, the most electronegative element, or a true/false on a periodic trend) and one 3-mark answer on Mendeleev's table and its limitations, the modern periodic law, or the variation of atomic size and metallic character.
12 questionsPractice testIonic and Covalent Bonding (আয়নীয় ও সমযোজী বন্ধন)
Atoms combine to reach a stable electron arrangement like that of the nearest noble gas (an octet of 8 outer electrons, or a duplet of 2 like helium for hydrogen). In an ionic (electrovalent) bond, a metal atom transfers electron(s) to a non-metal atom and the oppositely charged ions are held together by electrostatic attraction; in a covalent bond, two non-metal atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. The type of bond decides the physical properties of the compound.
Exam tip: This chapter usually gives a 1-mark MCQ or very short item (number of lone pairs, electrovalency or covalency, ionic or covalent compound) and two 2-mark short answers, typically drawing the electron-dot (Lewis) structure of NaCl, MgCl₂, CaO, H₂O, NH₃, N₂ or CH₄, or explaining why ionic compounds conduct only when molten or dissolved; practise dot diagrams with the correct electron count.
12 questionsPractice testElectricity and Chemical Reactions (তড়িৎপ্রবাহ ও রাসায়নিক বিক্রিয়া)
Electrolytes are substances that conduct electricity in the molten state or in aqueous solution through free-moving ions and are chemically decomposed in the process; this decomposition by direct current is electrolysis. In an electrolytic cell, cations move to the cathode (negative) and gain electrons (reduction), while anions move to the anode (positive) and lose electrons (oxidation). Electrolysis is used for electroplating, refining of copper and extraction of reactive metals.
Exam tip: Expect a 1-mark MCQ and two very short items (which electrode undergoes oxidation, H₂ : O₂ volume ratio, the electrolyte in silver plating, strong or weak electrolyte) plus a 3-mark long answer on electrolysis of acidulated water, aqueous CuSO₄ with copper electrodes, electroplating or electrolytic refining of copper; always write the electrode reactions with electrons.
12 questionsPractice testInorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and in Industry (পরীক্ষাগার ও রাসায়নিক শিল্পে অজৈব রসায়ন)
This chapter deals with the laboratory preparation, collection, tests and properties of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), nitrogen (N₂) and ammonia (NH₃), and with two industrial processes: the manufacture of ammonia by Haber's process and of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide. For every gas, learn the reactants and balanced equation, how it is dried and collected, and how it is identified.
Exam tip: Expect a 1-mark MCQ and two very short items (drying agent for NH₃, catalyst or promoter in Haber's process, test for H₂S or NH₃, what Mg₃N₂ gives with water), a 2-mark short answer and a 3-mark long answer on the laboratory preparation of NH₃ or N₂ (equation, drying, collection) or the manufacture of ammonia or urea; always write balanced equations with conditions.
12 questionsPractice testMetallurgy (ধাতুবিদ্যা)
Metallurgy is the science of extracting metals from their ores and purifying them. An ore is a mineral from which a metal can be extracted easily and profitably, and the method of extraction depends on the metal's place in the activity series: electrolysis for very reactive metals such as Na and Al, reduction with carbon for Zn and Fe, while Au and Pt occur free in nature. The chapter also covers flux and slag, the thermite process, alloys, and rusting of iron and its prevention.
Exam tip: Expect a 1-mark MCQ, two very short items (an ore's name or formula, composition of an alloy, flux or slag, role of cryolite) and a 2-mark short answer such as the thermite reaction, calcination vs roasting, galvanisation, or why carbon anodes are replaced in aluminium extraction; learn the ores with their formulas and write balanced equations.
12 questionsPractice testOrganic Chemistry (জৈব রসায়ন)
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds (except a few such as CO, CO₂ and carbonates). Carbon's tetravalency and catenation give rise to millions of compounds, which are grouped into homologous series by their functional groups and named by IUPAC rules. The chapter also covers methane, ethylene and acetylene, isomerism, addition polymers (polythene, PVC, Teflon), fuels such as LPG and CNG, the uses of ethanol and acetic acid, and biodegradable versus non-biodegradable materials.
Exam tip: Organic Chemistry carries about 8 marks in the Madhyamik paper: 1 MCQ, 2 very-short answers, one 2-mark and one 3-mark question. The 1-mark items usually ask the IUPAC name or functional group of a simple compound, a monomer–polymer match, an isomer pair or the main gas in LPG/CNG; for the longer answers, practise balanced equations for methane's combustion and chlorination and ethylene's addition with bromine.
12 questionsPractice test