Bengali Grammar (First Language) (বাংলা ব্যাকরণ (প্রথম ভাষা))
4 chapters · 48 practice questions with full solutions — all free.
🎯 Full Bengali Grammar (First Language) (বাংলা ব্যাকরণ (প্রথম ভাষা)) section test
40 questions across the whole section · 40 min · one timed test
Case Relations: Karak and Akarak (কারক ও অকারক সম্পর্ক)
Karak is the relation of a noun or pronoun (nampad) with the verb (kriyapad) of a sentence. The textbook teaches six karaks - kartri, karma, karan, nimitta, apadan and adhikaran - while the sambandha pad (possessive) and the sambodhan pad (vocative) have no direct link with the verb and are called akarak relations. Bibhaktis and anusargas (postpositions) show these relations in the sentence.
Exam tip: In the Madhyamik grammar section expect 1-mark MCQs and very short answers asking for the karak and bibhakti/anusarga of an underlined word - always write both, e.g. 'নিমিত্ত কারকে কে বিভক্তি'.
12 questionsPractice testCompound Words (Samas) (সমাস)
Samas joins two or more words related in meaning into one word, usually dropping the bibhakti or linking word between them. The joining words are the samasyaman pad, the result is the samasta pad, and the phrase that opens it up is the byasbakya. By meaning, samas is sanjogmulak (dwandwa), ashraymulak (tatpurush, karmadharay, dwigu) or barnanamulak (bahubrihi); abyayibhab, nitya, alop and bakyashrayi samas are also taught.
Exam tip: Madhyamik asks 1-mark MCQs like 'মহাকাব্য — কোন সমাস?' and very short answers that need the byasbakya plus the name of the samas - write both together, e.g. 'মহৎ যে কাব্য — কর্মধারয় সমাস'.
12 questionsPractice testSentences (Bakya) (বাক্য)
A bakya is a group of words that fully expresses the speaker's idea; a meaningful sentence has three qualities - akanksha, asatti and yogyata - and two parts, the uddeshya (subject) and the bidheya (predicate). By structure a sentence is saral (simple), jatil (complex) or yougik (compound), and by meaning it can be nirdeshak, prashnabodhak, anujnasuchak, prarthanasuchak, bismayasuchak, sandehabachak and so on. Madhyamik asks you to change one form into another without changing the meaning.
Exam tip: Madhyamik grammar regularly sets very short 'বাক্য রূপান্তর করো' items (saral, jatil, yougik; affirmative/negative; nirdeshak/prashnabodhak) and MCQs on identifying a sentence type - keep the meaning unchanged and write the whole converted sentence.
12 questionsPractice testVoice (Bachya) (বাচ্য)
Bachya (voice) is the form of the verb that shows whether the kartri, the karma or the action itself is prominent in a sentence. Four voices are taught: kartribachya, karmabachya, bhababachya and karmakartribachya. A change of voice (bachya paribartan) changes only the form of the sentence, never its meaning or tense.
Exam tip: Madhyamik sets 1-mark MCQs on which bachya a sentence is in, and very short answers like 'বাচ্য পরিবর্তন করো' (kartri to karma/bhab and back) or 'কর্মকর্তৃবাচ্যের একটি উদাহরণ দাও' - write the complete changed sentence in the same tense.
12 questionsPractice test