Biology & Everyday Science

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Biology & Everyday Science — solved practice questions

8 WBCS General Science questions with step-by-step solutions. Attempt each, then reveal the answer.

1. Q1easy

   Which cell organelle is commonly called the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it is the main site of ATP production during aerobic respiration?

   • AMitochondrion
   • BRibosome
   • CGolgi apparatus
   • DLysosome
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Mitochondrion

   Mitochondria carry out oxidative phosphorylation and the Krebs cycle, producing most of the cell's ATP, which is why they are termed the powerhouse of the cell.

2. Q2easy

   The deficiency of which vitamin causes the disease scurvy, characterised by bleeding gums and slow wound healing?

   • AVitamin C
   • BVitamin D
   • CVitamin B12
   • DVitamin K
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Vitamin C

   Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is needed for collagen synthesis and healthy connective tissue.

3. Q3easy

   In the human body, which organ is the primary site where most digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place?

   • ASmall intestine
   • BStomach
   • CLarge intestine
   • DOesophagus
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Small intestine

   The small intestine, with its villi and digestive enzymes plus bile and pancreatic juice, is the main site for both digestion and absorption of nutrients.

4. Q4easy

   Which green pigment in plants absorbs light energy and is essential for the process of photosynthesis?

   • AChlorophyll
   • BHaemoglobin
   • CMelanin
   • DCarotene
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Chlorophyll

   Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose during photosynthesis.

5. Q5medium

   A person with blood group AB is often called a 'universal recipient'. This is because their blood plasma lacks which of the following?

   • ABoth anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma
   • BBoth A and B antigens on red cells
   • CThe Rh antigen
   • DAll plasma proteins
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma

   Blood group AB plasma has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies, so an AB individual can receive red cells of any ABO group, making them the universal recipient. (Their red cells actually carry both A and B antigens.)

6. Q6medium

   Which disease is caused by a bacterium and spread mainly through droplets, primarily affecting the lungs and characterised by persistent cough, weight loss and evening fever?

   • ATuberculosis
   • BMalaria
   • CDengue
   • DInfluenza
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Tuberculosis

   Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which chiefly infects the lungs and spreads through airborne droplets from coughing.

7. Q7medium

   Malaria in humans is caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. Which organism acts as the vector that transmits this parasite?

   • AFemale Anopheles mosquito
   • BFemale Aedes mosquito
   • CFemale Culex mosquito
   • DCommon housefly
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Female Anopheles mosquito

   The female Anopheles mosquito transmits Plasmodium from person to person; the male mosquito feeds on plant nectar and does not spread malaria.

8. Q8medium

   Which part of the human nervous system controls balance, posture and coordination of voluntary muscular movements?

   • ACerebellum
   • BCerebrum
   • CMedulla oblongata
   • DHypothalamus
   Show answer & solution

   Correct answer: (A) Cerebellum

   The cerebellum, part of the hindbrain, coordinates voluntary movements and maintains posture and balance; damage to it causes loss of coordination.

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