Morphology of Flowering Plants

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Morphology of Flowering Plants — solved practice questions

8 NEET Biology questions with step-by-step solutions. Attempt each, then reveal the answer.

1. Q1easy

   Which type of root system is characteristic of most monocotyledonous plants such as wheat and maize?

   • ATap root system
   • BFibrous root system
   • CAdventitious tap root
   • DStorage tap root
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   Correct answer: (B) Fibrous root system

   Monocots develop a fibrous root system in which the primary root is short-lived and replaced by a cluster of roots arising from the base of the stem.

2. Q2medium

   In pea (Pisum sativum), the tendrils used for climbing are modifications of which part?

   • AStem
   • BRoot
   • CLeaf
   • DStipule
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   Correct answer: (C) Leaf

   In pea, the terminal leaflets of the compound leaf are modified into tendrils for support, so pea tendrils are leaf modifications (stem tendrils occur in cucumber/grapevine).

3. Q3hard

   The type of aestivation seen in the corolla of Cassia and gulmohar (Caesalpinia), where one petal overlaps the next in a definite ascending order, is:

   • AImbricate
   • BValvate
   • CTwisted
   • DVexillary
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   Correct answer: (A) Imbricate

   In imbricate aestivation the margins of the petals overlap one another but not in any particular direction. When the overlapping follows a definite ascending order (posterior petal innermost), as in Cassia and gulmohar, it is a form of imbricate (ascending imbricate) aestivation. Vexillary aestivation is a distinct type specific to the pea (Fabaceae) corolla, so the correct answer here is imbricate.

4. Q4medium

   In the standard floral notation, a bisexual flower and an actinomorphic (radially symmetric) flower are represented respectively by which pair of symbols?

   • AStar and half-arrow
   • BBracket and star
   • CHalf-arrow and circle
   • DBisexual symbol and star (⊕)
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   Correct answer: (D) Bisexual symbol and star (⊕)

   A bisexual flower is denoted by the combined male-female symbol, while actinomorphic (radial) symmetry is denoted by the star symbol (⊕). Hence the correct pair is the bisexual symbol and the star (⊕).

5. Q5hard

   Which of the following is an example of a plant with parietal placentation?

   • AChina rose
   • BMustard
   • CPea
   • DMarigold
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   Correct answer: (B) Mustard

   In parietal placentation ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral parts, seen in mustard and Argemone; the ovary is one-chambered but may become two-chambered due to a false septum.

6. Q6medium

   The edible part of the fruit in mango is derived from which part of the pericarp?

   • AEpicarp
   • BEndocarp
   • CMesocarp
   • DTesta
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   Correct answer: (C) Mesocarp

   Mango is a drupe; its pericarp is differentiated into an outer epicarp, a fleshy edible mesocarp, and a hard stony endocarp enclosing the seed.

7. Q7hard

   In which of the following is the condition of the ovary described as half-inferior (perigynous flower)?

   • APlum
   • BMustard
   • CGuava
   • DCucumber
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   Correct answer: (A) Plum

   In a perigynous flower the gynoecium is situated in the centre and other floral parts are on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level, making the ovary half-inferior; plum, rose and peach are examples.

8. Q8medium

   The aleurone layer in a maize (monocot) grain is best described as:

   • AThe outermost seed coat layer
   • BThe outer proteinaceous layer of the endosperm
   • CThe embryonic axis
   • DThe scutellum
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   Correct answer: (B) The outer proteinaceous layer of the endosperm

   In cereal grains the outer proteinaceous layer of the endosperm is the aleurone layer; it stores proteins and secretes enzymes during germination.

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