Our Environment

This chapter has

Our Environment — solved practice questions

8 Class 10 Science questions with step-by-step solutions. Attempt each, then reveal the answer.

1. Q1easy

   The community of organisms living together with their non-living environment is called an:

   • Abiome
   • Becosystem
   • Chabitat
   • Dcommunity
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   Correct answer: (B) ecosystem

   An ecosystem consists of all living organisms (biotic) and non-living components (abiotic) in an area interacting together.

2. Q2easy

   Organisms that produce their own food using sunlight are called:

   • Aproducers
   • Bconsumers
   • Cdecomposers
   • Dparasites
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   Correct answer: (A) producers

   Producers (autotrophs) — mainly green plants — make food via photosynthesis.

3. Q3easy

   Animals that eat producers directly are called:

   • Adecomposers
   • Bprimary consumers
   • Csecondary consumers
   • Dtop predators
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   Correct answer: (B) primary consumers

   Primary consumers (herbivores) feed directly on plants (the first trophic level).

4. Q4easy

   Decomposers break down dead organic matter into:

   • Acomplex food
   • Bcarbon dioxide only
   • Csimple inorganic nutrients
   • Dorganic compounds
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   Correct answer: (C) simple inorganic nutrients

   Decomposers (fungi, bacteria) break down dead organisms into simple inorganic substances, returning nutrients to the soil.

5. Q5medium

   The transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next is approximately:

   • A10%
   • B50%
   • C90%
   • D100%
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   Correct answer: (A) 10%

   Only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level (10% law / Lindeman's rule).

6. Q6easy

   Ozone (O₃) in the stratosphere protects us from:

   • Ainfrared radiation
   • Bultraviolet radiation
   • Cradio waves
   • Dmicrowaves
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   Correct answer: (B) ultraviolet radiation

   The ozone layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

7. Q7easy

   CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) cause damage to the:

   • Ahydrosphere
   • Bozone layer
   • Csoil
   • Dgroundwater
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   Correct answer: (B) ozone layer

   CFCs destroy ozone molecules in the stratosphere, leading to ozone layer depletion.

8. Q8easy

   The gradual warming of Earth's surface due to greenhouse gases is called:

   • Aacid rain
   • Bozone depletion
   • Cglobal warming
   • Deutrophication
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   Correct answer: (C) global warming

   The greenhouse effect — CO₂, CH₄, N₂O and other gases trap heat in the atmosphere, warming the Earth.

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