Polynomials — Degree, Zeroes & the Magic Relations

What degree means, what 'zeroes' are, and the sum/product-of-zeroes shortcuts for quadratics.

By the PadhoDost Team · 📖 6 min read · Updated 4 August 2026

Part of Class 10 (CBSE) prep

A polynomial is an expression like 3x² + 2x + 1 — terms with whole-number powers of x added together. The DEGREE is the highest power present.

DegreeNameExample
1Linear2x + 3
2Quadraticx² − 5x + 6
3Cubicx³ + 1

What is a 'zero'?

degree 1 · linear degree 2 · quadratic degree 3 · cubic
As the degree grows the graph bends more: degree 1 is a straight line, degree 2 makes one U-shaped bend, and degree 3 makes an S with two bends.

🧠 Where it touches the ground

A zero of a polynomial is a value of x that makes it equal to 0 — graphically, where the curve crosses the x-axis. For x² − 4, the zeroes are x = 2 and x = −2 (since 2² − 4 = 0).

The magic relations (quadratics)

For a quadratic ax² + bx + c with zeroes α and β, you don't even need to solve it to know these:

Sum of zeroes = −b/a Product of zeroes = c/a

📝 For x² − 5x + 6 (a = 1, b = −5, c = 6):

Sum of zeroes = −(−5)/1 = 5

Product of zeroes = 6/1 = 6

Check: zeroes are 2 and 3 → 2 + 3 = 5 ✓ and 2 × 3 = 6 ✓

⚡ Quick check

For ax² + bx + c, the product of the zeroes is:

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